報告人簡介：阿列克謝·謝米亞諾夫（Alexey Semyanov），歐洲科學院院士👭🏻，俄羅斯國家科學院通訊院士，嘉興大學神經科學研究中心主任，歐洲神經學界傑出專家🎨，長期從事大腦突觸外信號和神經元-膠質相互作用的研究。曾任日本理化腦研究所實驗室主任👳🏻，俄羅斯科學院生物有機化學研究所副所長🥓，英國倫敦大學學院名譽教授💬。2016年入選俄羅斯科學院通訊院士🪁，2019年入選歐洲科學院院士。作為首席科學家主持參與神經科學領域15項重大歐洲科研項目🦎，獲批科研經費1000余萬美元🧑🏻🦲，發表各類期刊論文100余篇🏋🏽，專著2部，擁有10項專利。擔任國際神經科學20余類科學期刊的主編、副主編🧖🏿、評審和編委會成員，主持過19次各類國際神經科學大會，是20多個國際學術組織成員👩🏻。
報告簡介：Thefunctional relevance of delayed and slow calcium transients in the astrocytesremains unclear. Calcium could trigger a metabolic response in the cells. Toaddress this possibility, we performed Raman microspectrometry (label-freemetabolic imaging) in awake mice running on a treadmill. Green fluorescentprotein was expressed in astrocytes and near-infrared protein in neurons forcell identification. Raman spectra recorded from astrocytes and neurons wereused to quantify reduced c- and b-type cytochromes. The relative amount ofreduced cytochromes reversibly increased in astrocytes and decreased in neuronsduring episodes of locomotion.
This finding suggests anincreased amount of electrons in the electron-transport chain in astrocytes, whichcan trigger the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We assessed theproduction of ROS with two-photon imaging of H2O2 in themitochondria of astrocytes and neurons. Consistent with our hypothesis,locomotion led to the production of H2O2 in theastrocytic mitochondria but not neuronal. Astrocytic H2O2generation possibly plays a role in communication between astrocytes and othercells in the brain active milieu.